Dark Spots: What They Are, Why They Happen, and How to Treat Them

A Clinical Approach to Managing Uneven Pigmentation Dark spots—also known as hyperpigmentation *blog backlink on HYPERPIGMENTATION*—are among the most common skin concerns. These uneven patches often appear after breakouts, sun exposure, or skin irritation and can affect tone and texture regardless of age or skin type. Knowing what causes dark spots and how to prevent them is key to restoring and maintaining an even complexion.

Where Do Dark Spots Appear Most?

Dark spots commonly show up in areas frequently exposed to the sun or where skin is more prone to inflammation:

Cheeks and forehead
Upper lip
Nose bridge
Jawline and chin
Back of hands and décolleté

Types of Dark Spots

Not all pigmentation is the same. Identifying the type can help tailor your treatment:

PIH (Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation) – Follows breakouts, cuts, or irritation
Sunspots (Lentigines) – Result from cumulative sun exposure
Melasma *blog backlink on MELASMA* – Hormone-related pigmentation, often symmetrical
Freckles – Genetic and UV-triggered; typically harmless

What Are Dark Spots?

Dark spots form when the skin produces excess melanin, typically in response to inflammation, injury, or UV exposure. While they are not harmful, they can disrupt overall skin tone and become more visible over time—especially on sensitive skin.

Why Causes Dark Spots

Several common triggers can lead to dark spot formation:

Sun exposure – UV light increases melanin production
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) – From acne, cuts, or rashes
Hormonal changes – Melasma-related pigmentation
Skin trauma or over exfoliation – Can trigger melanin production in irritated areas
Photosensitizing products or medications

Understanding what causes dark spots helps you avoid and manage them more effectively.

How to Reduce Dark Spots and Prevent New Ones

Managing hyperpigmentation is a combination of prevention, protection, and gentle care. Here's how to reduce dark spots effectively:

Use broad-spectrum SPF daily to block UV-triggered pigmentation
Avoid picking blemishes or scratching the skin
Limit over exfoliation *blog backlink on OVER-EXFOLIATION*, which can worsen pigmentation in sensitive skin
Incorporate antioxidants and pigment-regulating ingredients (like niacinamide, kojic acid, or azelaic acid)
Maintain a gentle, barrier-supportive skincare routine

Dermat Recommends: Preventing Pigment Starts with Protection

Sun exposure is one of the most persistent triggers of hyperpigmentation. Daily sunscreen use is essential to prevent dark spots from forming or worsening.

DERMACY SunVex Broad Spectrum Mineral Sunscreen SPF 70 PA++++ *PRODUCT BACKLINK*

Formulated with:

Zinc Oxide *blog backlink on ZINC OXIDE* for UVA/UVB and blue light protection
Thermal Spring Water to calm inflammation and reduce pigment-triggering irritation
A lightweight, non-comedogenic formula with no white cast—ideal for all skin types, including sensitive skin

By minimizing UV exposure and soothing inflammation, this sunscreen supports an even tone while helping prevent dark spots from deepening, especially in acne-prone or post-treatment skin.

Final Takeaway

Understanding what causes dark spots and how to care for sensitive skin is key to effective treatment. A combination of daily sun protection, reduced over exfoliation, and gentle pigment-correcting actives can visibly improve skin tone over time.

For those looking for how to reduce dark spots, prevention is your best tool—and patience is essential

Frequently Asked Questions

Are dark spots permanent? +

Most are temporary and fade over time with the right skincare and sun protection.

Can sunscreen really help with dark spots? +

Absolutely. Daily SPF helps prevent spots from darkening and reduces the likelihood of new ones forming.

Should I exfoliate to fade dark spots? +

Gentle chemical exfoliation can help, but overuse may worsen pigmentation. Stick to controlled, balanced routines.

Can dark spots be treated at home? +

Many can, especially with ingredients like niacinamide, azelaic acid, vitamin C, or alpha arbutin. Persistent spots may need professional evaluation.